Surgical Instruments

Many surgical instruments of modern age are exactly the same in design as those in the 10th century by a Muslim surgeon called al-Zahrawi. His forceps , bone saws ,scalpels,  scissors for eye surgery and more than 200 tools he developed are more or less the same used today.The credit goes to him that he was the one who discovered that catgut used for internal stitches dissolves away naturally (a discovery he made when his monkey ate his lute strings) and medical capsules can be made from it . In the 13th century, a Muslim doctor  Ibn Nafis described the circulation of the blood, 300 years before William Harvey discovered. Muslims doctors also invented anesthetics of opium and alcohol mixes and developed hollow needles to suck cataracts from eyes;  a technique still used today.

Camera

The ancient Greeks thought our eyes emitted rays, like a laser, which enabled us to see. The first person to realize that light enters the eye, rather than leaving it, was the 10th-century Muslim mathematician, astronomer and physicist Ibn al-Haitham. He invented the first camera , he noticed how the light came through a hole in the shutters. The smaller the hole, the better the image He designed and built the first camera  (from the Arabic word for qamara dark or private room). He is also credited with being the first man to shift physics from a philosophical activity to an experimental.

Coffee

The story goes that an Arab named Khalid, who is responsible for some of the goats in the Kaffa region of southern Ethiopia, when he noticed his animals became animated after eating a certain berry. boiled the berries to make the first cup of coffee. Certainly the first record came out with a drink of beans exported from Ethiopia to Yemen where Sufis drank coffee to stay awake all night to pray during special occasions. Late 15th century, he arrived in Mecca and Turkey from where he moved to Venice in 1645 was brought to England in 1650 Turk named Pasqua rosée who opened the first coffee shop in Lombard Street in the City of London.

Kahve qahwa Arabic and Turkish coffee and Italian became then English coffee

Video 3

A brief overview how the modern tools,inventions and discoveries owe to the muslims...

Video 2

In these two videos we see what Muslims contributed to science

Video 1

This movie explains how the actual scientific developments is made by Muslim scientists

Khalid Ibn Yazid(--704A.H.)

Khalid was the son of Yazeed Ibn Muawia. His birth date is unknown, but it is clearly known that he was very young when yazid died in 64 A.H.. After the death of Yazid his elder brother Muaawia Ibn Yazid Ibn Muawia became the caliph.Unfortunately he was not able to keep the thrown as he died within 3 months or forty days due to unknown illness.Since Khalid was very young so he was not offered the thrown instead Marwaan Ibn Al-hakam became the caliph. However Khalid became the governor of Humus. His mother Hashim binte Abu-Hashim bin Atba got married to Marwaan. According to Tibri

"One of son of Yazid was Khalid also known as Abu-Hashim was interested in study of alchemy.His mother name is Hashim binte Abu-Hashim bin Atba who got married to Marwaan."

After the death of Marwaan Bin Al-hakam, Khalid was still young and again was not offered the thrown.Abdul-Malik Bin Marwaan became the caliph.Fortunately Khalid got much respect and dignity from Abdul-Malik. It was Khalid who gave the idea of first islamic coin in 76 A.H..

According to Adorogy Brown

"Khalid bin Yazid had great interest in Alchemy."(Tib-al-alrab(Arabic Medicine))

According to Ibn-Alnadeem in Kitaab-a-Fehrist:

"Jabir Ibn Hayaan became partner with Khalid bin Yazid who was a well known scientist of alchemy in translating Greek Knowledge into arabic."

Khalid also got famous for discovering gunpowder. Although according to many experts gunpowder was first discovered by Chinese civilization in the ninth century A.D. However, according to history the Muslim chemist named Khalid bin Yazid was familiar with potassium nitrate (KNO3) the main ingredient of gunpowder maker in the 7th century A.D.

According to Prof Al-Hassan:

'' The formula and the recipe can be found in works of Jabir Ibn Hayyan (d. 815 A.H.), Abu Bakr al-Razi (d. 932) and other Muslim chemists, " .

The term potassium nitrate in the Muslim world has always come up with various names such as natrun, Buraq, al-ha'it milh, shabb Yamani, and other names.

Khalid who died at a very young age in 704 A.D. was the first islamic scientist who opened doors to the knowledge of wisdom,discovery and invention.
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